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Budgeting basics

What is a budget?

A budget is an estimation of revenue and expenses over a specified future period of time and is usually compiled and re-evaluated on a periodic basis. 

Budgets can be made for a person, a group of people, a business, a government and for anything that makes and spends money.

Improving the management of one's finances and assets in everyday life is very important. The first thing to do to optimize the administration of your economic resources is: plan your life and have (realistic) goals to achieve.

In this regard, the budget becomes a strategic management tool through which it is possible to: 

  • define the objectives to be pursued
  • distribute the resources necessary to achieve them
  • establish the temporal and organizational methods to achieve them
  • verify the consistency of the results achieved

Preparing a the budget permits to have:
  • a clear and numerical translation of the personal economic situation
  • a detailed analysis of the costs to be incurred
  • a forecast of future expenses
  • a constant monitoring of costs that will allow the reduction of accounting risks and will facilitate the gradual reach of the financial goals set (buy a house, a car, to run a business).

It is important to draw up a sustainable personal budget, only in this way will it be possible to achieve financial health which, in turn, will produce well-being and contribute to serenity.  

In fact, if the established budget is too rigid, it will be difficult to put it into practice for a long term. On the contrary, if it is too flexible, it will not produce the desired final results.


Basic elements of a budget 

Here you have a list of the main elements of a budget and their definition.

  • FIXED EXPENSES are all the expenses that stay the same from month to month. An example of fixed expense is the rent.
  • VARIABLE EXPENSES are the expenses that may change from month to month, for example: groceries, gas and entertainment
  • TOTAL EXPENSES are constituted by the sum of your fixed and flexible expenses
  • TOTAL MONTHLY INCOME is the income from your job or other resources including investment dividends, pensions, Social Security benefits, rental income and more.
  • DISPOSABLE INCOME is the money remaining after you subtract your income taxes from your income